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有时,当您选择使用哪种制造方法时,尺寸,材料和规格的要求使常规生产过程过于昂贵。Milling,,,,beplay 888官网 and drilling to machine a block with openings and chamfers that will hold bearings or other components is complex and difficult. Of course, you can cast parts, but the up-front cast molding investment only makes sense when fabricating parts in high volumes.
如果您在早期设计阶段制作原型,而只需要制造一两个部分,该怎么办?铣削和转动需要大量时间,浪费很多材料,但是beplay app. co (EDM) can be a more efficient solution. EDM is a manufacturing process where material is removed from a workpiece by applying a series of current discharges between two electrodes separated by a dielectric bath liquid.
您为什么要使用EDM制造而不是传统方法?继续阅读以了解不同类型的电气加工并找出答案。
EDM制造的类型
- 电线切割电气加工:For this type of EDM, a wire is used as an electrode, and is continuously and automatically fed with a spool during the process. Typically, the fluid is ionized water and the wire is黄铜or铜。Checking the workpiece material and wire electrode materials to determine best electrical discharge machining process parameters is highly recommended to guarantee compatibility and to prevent corrosion. Because a wire electrode is used to cut the workpiece, only cuts through the whole thickness of the workpiece are possible.
- 沉降板排放加工:此过程称为模具,传统或RAM EDM。它可以用电线EDM产生复杂的几何形状。电极材料通常是石墨或铜,将其加工成特定的形状,该形状是零件的预期最终几何形状的倒数。电极成形后,称为“电极磨损”的过程会损坏火花的工件形成正确的几何形状。与电线EDM不同,坠子EDM可以同时进行部分切割,并通过工件完全切割。
- 孔钻孔电加工:The third typeEDM用于钻孔。孔钻孔EDM能够使非常小的深孔机加工,这对于常规钻探方法是困难甚至不可能的。此外,孔钻孔EDM超级干净,不需要任何毛刺。在此过程中,电极是管状的,介电液通过它们喂养。与其他EDM类型相似,电极切割/侵蚀了工件,但是由于排放的间隙,电极实际上没有接触工件。与常规钻孔过程中的钻头挠度相比,这可以最大程度地减少管电极的挠度。

EDM系统的组件
While the three types of EDM differ in their use, the structure of each system is similar. You can see the typical components of an EDM system in Figure 2 below:

- Computer Numerical Control (CNC)corresponds to the unit that processes the path of the tool. There are several software programs — like FeatureCAM from Autodesk — that can simulate and design these CNC codes for your geometry.
- Power source:为火花提供能量的电源
- Voltmeter, ammeter:测量电势和电流的仪器
- Cutter:削减工件的工具
- 工件:要切割的材料
- 介电液:serves as a medium between the cutter and workpiece. It also controls the electrical discharge and absorbs heat during the process, which cools the workpiece. Another function of the dielectric fluid is remove debris.
- 泵:controls the flow of the dielectric fluid so that the EDM equipment can run continuously.
- Filter:maintains the condition of the dielectric fluid (resistivity/conductivity), temperature of the water, and other conditions. Debris that could affect those conditions are filtered out, maintaining a clean system.
- 固定装置:董事会,夹具工具和其他劳动力设置将使工件和切割机保持稳定并处于特定位置。
Characteristics of an EDM process
In EDM, the electrode and workpiece are immersed in a dielectric fluid. The produced electric spark erodes or cuts the workpiece to remove material and achieve the designed geometry. The movement of the electrode is controlled by CNC programs, and there are a few key concepts you need to understand to ensure the process functions well.
图2:EDM电路的代表
排出缝隙
为了在电极和工件之间产生火花,必须有一个间隙,有时称为“放电间隙”,通常在0.005 - 1 mm范围内。如果电极和工件接触,则不会产生火花。该差距和电极的运动由EDM系统上的伺服机构控制。
电极磨损比
This ratio corresponds to the volume of material lost from the tool electrode divided by the volume of metal removed from the workpiece. Sometimes it is represented by the percentage of mass loss of the tool divided by amount of work.
Removal rate
The speed at which the spark removes material from the workpiece. Typical mass or volume units are used to quantify it ([g/min] [mm3/min]).
Polarity
为了在工件和电极之间施加电压,一个必须为正,另一个是负的。通常,当电极为负并且工件为正时,使用“正极性”一词或仅仅是“极性”。“反极性”设置是当电极为正时,工件为负。我们强烈建议您熟悉电极/工件材料的组合,以确定应用程序的最佳设置和过程参数。极性会影响材料去除率,“电极磨损比”和表面粗糙度,从而产生磨损,速度和稳定性效果。
EDM的优点和缺点是什么?
现在,您知道了不同的EDM流程的基础知识以及EDM通常如何工作,现在该考虑电气加工的好处和局限性了。
好
- 产生复杂的几何形状而不诱导应力
- Deflection of drilling electrodes is minimal compared to conventional drill bits
- Minimal or no debris produced
The bad
- Process speed is typically slow
- Additional processes necessary to create electrode tooling
- 在选择过程参数之前,必须仔细考虑工件和切割器材料以防止问题
Applications for EDM
一旦您了解了电气加工的局限性,此过程的应用就变得明确。EDM主要用于生成难以使用传统技术机器的零件。以下是来自汽车,航空航天,医疗,消费产品和珠宝行业的EDM应用程序的一些示例。
Dies, Molds and Tools
EDM可以准确切割硬化18beplay下载 ,因此通常用于生成复杂的模具,模具和工具的几何形状。在EDM切割过程中无需进行热处理,因此您可以以更有效的方式控制微观结构并设计模具,模具和工具。
Prototypes
EDM通常由于过程时间而不用于质量生产,但对于原型而言是一个不错的选择。当尚未考虑制造限制时,特别适合于制作初步概念 - 因此,设计可以集中在功能上并探索不同的几何形状。
Components with precise holes
由于EDM钻井的准确性和尺寸功能,此过程用于多种精确应用。beplay客户端下载应用的一个例子是涡轮机,例如喷气发动机,气体和蒸汽轮机:涡轮刀片上的冷却孔的设计具有紧密的公差,并在整个叶片中分散,以最大程度地提高冷却效率和涡轮机的性能。由于涡轮机通常是由硬材料制成的,而且孔很小,但具有特定的图案,因此EDM钻孔是该应用程序的绝佳选择。实验室设备和聚合物挤出中的显微镜孔是另一个应用示例。像Spinnerets这样的组件是在EDM的帮助下制造的,它们用于挤出聚合物溶液或聚合物熔体以形成纤维,原因与涡轮孔相似。
High temperature alloys and exotic metals
EDM在多种材料上工作,因此使用EDM生产了各种各样的航空航天组件和产品。例如,钛在铣削时冒着着火的风险。但是,由于EDM过程被浸入流体中,因此降低了风险。
医疗的devices
外科工具,植入物和假肢关节也由EDM创建,因为该过程可以加工硬金属。EDM还具有清洁度的优势(从不断清新的流体中),弯角内部锋利的能力以及缺乏毛刺的能力。

Badges and jewelry
从具有复杂徽章的安全徽章到切割珠宝,使用EDM创建,维修和个性化设计非常容易。即使使用异国情调的材料和小零件,精密EDM制造也可以在吊坠,戒指和手镯上产生复杂的,详细的设计和雕刻信息。
结论
因此,您有了电气加工的基础知识。我们希望本文能使您更好地了解beplay app. co ,与其他制造过程及其优势和局限性相比,它的工作原理 - 现在您可以将EDM添加到制造过程工具箱中。
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