Time to read: 5 min
从头开始构建3D打印机就足够了，更不用说在没有正确工具的情况下尝试构建它了。在下面，我们突出显示一些修复和构建3D打印机的最常见工具。
Calipers
Calipers are used to measure the distance between opposite sides of an object. Although they appear in many industries including the medical and woodworking fields, mechanical engineering calipers of the modern type are often Vernier Calipers, which offer a high degree of precision over purely mechanical options. Their included digital dials and scales can present measurements often with accuracy into the thousandths of a millimeter/inch.
Screwdrivers / Hex Drivers
3D打印涉及复杂的机器，该机器由各种材料和紧固件固定在一起的单个组件组成。如果一个人希望以快速有效的方式与紧固件交互，则螺丝刀和十六进制驱动程序至关重要。常见类型包括飞利浦和扁平头螺丝刀，而机器螺丝通常需要十六进制驱动器才能安装六角形插槽。由于大多数3D打印机上的紧固件数量和种类繁多，因此，公制硬件比标准硬件更优选。在没有适当的螺丝刀的情况下，在狭窄的空间中工作也是具有挑战性的，这是为机械设计的。
A hex drive uses six-sided fastener heads. The fastener is known as a hex head cap screw. It can be turned with an adjustable wrench, combination wrench, and 6- or 12-point sockets. The hex drive is better than other drive types for locations where surrounding obstacles limit access, because smaller and more precise turns can still rotate the screw.
Hex keys are simple and small hex-head drivers that can be used from a variety of angles with a high degree of precision. They can also be manufactured cheaply, allowing a user to deploy a small set for a wide variety of screw sizes. Both metric and standard varieties are available.
Wrenches
Although there are dozens of varieties of wrenches each with specific mechanical purposes, those working on a 3D printer will find hex wrenches (hex keys), socket wrenches, and open-end wrenches most useful.
与大量用于3 d主要的紧固件ters, maneuvering in tight spaces and applying a large amount of force without moving the whole arm of a wrench become increasingly useful. To accomplish this, hex wrenches have a comparatively small footprint (see hex keys) and socket wrenches enable the user to tighten down fasteners securely without swinging the entire arm of the socket wrench (and likely running into the frame of the printer). Adjustable wrenches see an equal amount of play as adjustable pliers, enabling the user to maintain fine control over fasteners in limited space – often working in and around the extruder and hotend assemblies of the 3D printer.
Wire Cutters/Strippers & Wire Crimpers
经常包含在同一工具中，电线脱毛器和电线压接机用于从电线上卸下绝缘鞘并分别连接压接连接器销。虽然任何带有锋利的内巴的钳子都可以剥离电线，但该过程比使用优质的脱衣舞娘工具更混乱。同样，针头钳子可以用来密封电线末端的压接连接器，尽管这比使用压接手需要更多的技巧和耐心。
3D printers often include dozens of wires, and having clean connections running between the various electronics ensures that they will last for a long time. In this same vein, it is uncommon to need a soldering iron when building and maintaining a printer. However, soldered connections can serve as substitutes for crimp connector housings, although a soldered connection is not as flexible/modular if changes need to be made.
Please Note: most solder cannot withstand the temperature of a 3D printer’s hotend. Crimp connectors should be used exclusively in any area of the printer that will experience extreme heat. This applies most directly to the hotend’s heating element and thermistor connections.
Pliers
From scraping excess filament from the hotend and bed to securing parts of the printer and fastening wires, a good pair of regular-sized pliers or needle-nose pliers should not be overlooked when building a basic 3D printing toolbox. Due to the extreme temperatures present around the hotend, one should never manually adjust components beneath the X-carriage while the printer is heating up or cooling down. Pliers (and to some extent, wrenches and screwdrivers) enable a user to manipulate hot components without getting burned.
Lubricant
有了多个移动轴，轴承和马车，即使不是精心调整的运动机，3D打印机也不是什么。将零件与几滴机器润滑剂保持适当润滑至关重要。基于硅酮的化合物或含有PTFE的化合物是最好的，它将有助于保护杆，轴承和衬套，从而使打印机可以打印。虽然不需要，但润滑剂的少量成本可以防止更大的组件故障成本。
等级
A simple bubble level can help maintain a level print-bed, X-carriage, and frame components. Chiefly used during assembly, the level can be used to check the alignment of parts after long periods of operation or during troubleshooting.
电缆领带和拉链领带
完全组装的打印机很少需要额外的电缆管理，但是套件打印机和原材料组装的打印机将需要大量的电缆组织以维持可行的环境。此外，许多打印机零件都依靠电缆扎带作为结构元素 - 除了大多数预先构建的单元外，再一次。
Flush Cutter / Strong Scissors
切割切割机可以更轻松地切割细丝，从而将细丝切成干净的平坦端。然后可以轻松地将其插入挤出机中。一对锋利的剪刀通常可以解决问题，但是齐平切割器是理想的工具。卸下或更换细丝时，应在重复灯丝之前卸下原始线轴的熔化端。
线轴支架
如果您的打印机未配备内置的阀芯固定器，请考虑从3D打印组件或基本硬件（例如PVC管道或螺纹杆）中构造一个。干净地喂入3D打印机很重要，因为它有助于维持挤出机的完整性和挤出机运输量的迁移率（通常是X载体）。它还可以防止长期打印操作中的障碍和果酱，在整个打印过程中可能不存在用户。
Dremel / Multi-Tool
Finishing parts and maintaining a 3D printer is made much simpler with a good Multi-Tool. While Dremel is the familiar brand, the final choice of brand remains with the user. Equipped with a virtually infinite array of tools from engravers to drills to sanding/polishing wheels, a Dremel offers quick, flexible power at the user’s fingertips. Clearing excess filament from holes and nut-traps, sanding smooth areas of contact, and modifying or cutting parts are just a few of the functions enabled by a Dremel. Even the best printers do not produce perfect parts, and having the right tools to correct errors and beautify printed objects makes the entire experience of 3D printing more rewarding.
